What is hormone?

A hormone and hormones (from Greek Horman, hormanus share - on the move / wake up) is a biochemical messenger. Hormones transmit information within an organism from one organ to another or from one tissue to another. In contrast to the high speed of information conveyed by nerves to the hormone to its

few seconds (eg adrenaline) take up hours. Hormones in animal organisms are transported through the bloodstream to their target organs. An exception tissue hormones, which are formed in the same institution and work. Hormones were in the early decades of the 20th Century discovered, the term hormone was coined in 1905 by Ernest Starling ...

Hormone and body

Somehow it still had to be something else that was responsible for the control of our body. Nerves and the electrical impulses running along it alone could not be the only explanation for the transfer of information among the institutions. In 1902 the British physiologist Ernest Henry Starling (1866 to 1927) and William Maddock Bayliss (1866 to 1924) launched a groundbreaking

Experiment: They proposed a pancreas and severed all the nerves that lead to this organ. The result was startling. The pancreas always work yet! They secreted digestive enzymes, when the acidic stomach contents reach the colon. Bayliss and Starling found that the

Mucosa of the small intestine through the influence of gastric acid secreted a secretion, which in turn stimulated the pancreas to pour out their part digestive enzymes. The researchers first gave the Secretary the name of "secretin". Whether they at that time was already clear that they so reasoned the start of hormone research?

Hormone production

Hormone-producing organs such as the thyroid, pituitary gland or the adrenal gland were indeed in the 16th Century known, but not the fact that they produced hormones. However, the people at that time represented the

Doctrine, the diseases of certain organs had something to do with that missing important substances. The medieval Medical sought a cure from the diet similar to healthy organs - with questionable success.

Only four hundred-year later, Ernest Henry Starling and William Maddock Bayliss was the first scientist discovered that the body's organs, so-called "endocrine glands" are that secrete certain substances that could contribute to other organs - this in a certain way to be actively . 1905 Starling coined for these substances, the term "hormones" that drive derived from the Greek word "hormao" (stimulate).

Hormone Research

The hormonal theory proved highly successful, and soon developed into a new field of medicine and biology: the endocrinology. Gradually, researchers discovered and isolated a variety of hormones and hormones.

The first hormone that is isolated and its structure could be determined, was the adrenaline. By 1901, it won the Japanese-American chemist Jokichi Takamine (1854 to 1922) from the adrenal gland - at that time was called epinephrine or adrenaline. A short time later, this substance as a hormone or hormones was detected. This was followed by the thyroid hormone thyroxine, insulin, sex hormones, the steroids and many more.

The discovery of insulin and its role in the conversion of sugar into energy, is probably the most spectacular success. But Galt diabetes, diabetes day, until the beginning of the 20th century as a deadly disease. To date, about 100 different hormones are known. But scientists suspect that there are at least 1000, and these messengers silently but effectively to ensure that everything is working properly in our body

Hormones

Hormone or hormones are the chemical messengers of our body. They are the Nachrichtenübermittler between institutions and individual cells, which ensure the proper conduct of all biological processes in human body correctly. Their effects are impressive, gigantic in relation to the low concentration and size, contribute to the hormones. Similarly, small perturbations in the fall

Hormone strongly significant. For an endocrinologist treating it is often not easy to find, although the error, but when he found him, there is almost immediately have a positive effect on the patient. It will usually suffice in fact only a single tablet, everything is back to bring into place. For example, provides a patient with a pituitary tumor a single tablet given that he can see better

Hormone Test

If anyone wants to know something about their hormonal balance, he usually goes to the doctor and makes a hormone test. Then, he believes, he knew all about his hormonal balance and if something is missing or not. But unfortunately not as simple as that. Such a level of hormones, which is measured in a patient who is still far from being a definitive statement about a disease or an imbalance in our well-being. This measurement, the patient would only repeat after minutes, then the result would probably look very different. Buy Hormone, Order Hormone, Hormone Shop, Hormone Sale, Anti Aging, Sex Hormone

The test is only a snapshot, only one seconds value of the real status of the hormones in the body can not grasp. To the world of hormones and their interaction in our bodies is far too complex and also constantly in motion.

Hormone and tumor growth

Many different hormones control important processes in the body at the cellular level, such as lowering blood glucose levels, reproduction or growth. Also, some tumors grow increasingly under the influence of hormones.

This hormone dependence of cancer cells is the starting point of the (anti)-hormone therapy: The body's own hormones are off to arrest the spread of a tumor. In the treatment of endocrine tumors that produce hormones play themselves and give to the environment, antihormonal medications to prevent another role: they serve to relieve symptoms that are attributed to the abnormally distributed hormones.

In which an anti-cancer hormonal therapy is being considered, how it works in detail, and what side effects may occur, has compiled the Cancer Information Service in the following text.

Why entzug hormone: endocrine factors and tumor growth?

Not a few tumors grow dependent on endogenous hormones. In some rare tumor types, even the cancerous tissue itself produces hormones in excess.

Although the treatment of these tumors suppressed the formation of these hormones or their effect is slowed down, Experts call such approaches often referred to as hormone therapy or endocrine therapy. The right approach would, however, really only the term "anti-hormone therapy." Thus, the hormone withdrawal of treatment methods can be distinguished in which (lack of) hormones are used as medicine. A "real" estrogen hormone therapy could be focused against

Menopausal symptoms, or the injection of insulin after removal of a pancreatic cancer.
Signal and messengers

Hormones are Informationsübermittler between different cells and tissues of an organism. You can bring different metabolic pathways in motion, and stimulate the cell would also stimulate the division. However, not all cells possess the ability to respond to hormonal signals, they need to have specialized

Recipient molecules called hormone receptors. Hormone receptor and act like lock and key: Not everyone is adapting each hormone receptor. Tumors that have developed from hormone sensitive tissues, often on hormone receptors and also grow sufficiently strengthened under the influence of these neurotransmitters. The principle of anti-hormone therapy is based on selectively eliminate Hormonally induced growth stimulation and thus slow down the further growth of a tumor and possible metastases.

Hormone Endocrine Tumors

Other forms of cancer, known as endocrine tumors, however, produce hormones and release it from itself to its environment. The pathologically distributed hormones can cause symptoms that can be alleviated with the help of opposite-acting drugs.

Education, impact and control of hormones, how does it work?

The formation of hormones takes place mainly in glands, called endocrine glands. These include, for example, the gonads, where

Sex hormones are formed (ovaries, testes), the insulin-producing portions of the pancreas or the thyroid gland and its hormones. These glands emit the hormones into the space between the cells, which is traversed by fine blood vessels, the capillaries. Through the capillary walls, the hormones enter the bloodstream and spread throughout the body.

Produce their effect but have only to institutions that have the appropriate receptor. Depending on the nature of the related hormone are the respective hormone receptors on the cell surface (such as the insulin receptor) or (in the interior of the cell such as receptors for sex hormones or

Thyroid hormones). A hormone binds to its appropriate counterpart, it sets a signal chain in motion, and thus leads to the desired reaction: Thus, for example, after binding of sex hormones (estrogen, testosterone) to its receptors to activate certain portions of the genetic material (DNA). The

Hormones bring about in this way an increased production of proteins that are essential for each controlled reaction, such as the division of the cell. Under the influence of sex hormones built up such as every month the endometrium in women up and down again when there is no fertilized egg implants.

To prevent a lasting impact, it eliminated most of the hormones after they have fulfilled their mission, or reduces the quantity of the hormone receptors.

The production of hormones is tightly regulated, only a well-defined hormone level may be present in the blood. The slightest variation in hormone levels can bring serious consequences for the organism. A complex control circuits therefore ensure that the hormone formation and secretion takes place only when a certain reaction of the body is required.

In the center of this control system is primarily located in the hypothalamus of the hypothalamus. This collects information about adjacent regions of the brain from the environment and the Köperinneren and evaluates them. According to the incoming signals, he releases certain neurotransmitters, such as the so-called GnRH

Releasing hormone

GnRH or LHRH) on the formation of sex hormones. Gondadoliberine contribute to the release of stimulating hormones (English: "releasing" hormones) or inhibitory (English "inhibiting" hormones) on the downstream pituitary gland, the pituitary gland.

For the production of thyroid hormones of the hypothalamus, the control hormone TRH (thyrotropin-releasing hormone pouring-out). Depending on the hormonal stimulation of the pituitary gland in turn relieves chemical messengers that act in turn influence the child endocrine glands, luteinizing (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) on the gonads (ovaries, testes), the thyroid Stimulating

Hormone TSH on the thyroid gland.

The endocrine glands themselves are the final link in the chain of hormonal production, they release the hormones into the blood formed, which exert their effects directly on the target organs. These so-called peripheral hormones, for example, the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), the sex hormones estrogen, progesterone and testosterone, as well as insulin and glucagon from the pancreas.

To avoid too high hormone levels in the blood, hormones control the production itself: in increased proportions they have an inhibiting effect on the GnRH or TRH production in the hypothalamus and thus prevent their own education. Specialists call this effect a negative feedback.

 
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